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29 August, 2026, 16 Rabī‘ al-awwal, 1448
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Artificial Intelligence: Between Technical Evolution and Shari’a Responsibility ​A Contemporary Islamic Vision

29.01.2026   462395   6 min.
Artificial Intelligence: Between Technical Evolution and Shari’a Responsibility ​A Contemporary Islamic Vision

The world is currently witnessing rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies, to the extent that these tools have become integral to various aspects of life—particularly in economics, education, culture, media, and public services. 

In the face of this profound transformation, there is an urgent need to examine the dimensions of AI from an ethical and religious perspective that balances leveraging modern achievements with preserving human values and Shari’a (Islamic law) regulations.

​In this context, scholars and specialists affirm that AI is a product of human intellect and creativity, falling under the divine indication: "And He creates that which you do not know" (Surah An-Nahl: 8). This verse alludes to emerging scientific and technical innovations that were previously unknown. 

Today, AI has become the foundation for many modern applications, such as e-government, smart cities, autonomous vehicles, drones, and other technologies that contribute to facilitating human life.

​However, regardless of its significant benefits, this evolution is not without difficulties and potential risks. Therefore, there is a necessity to regulate, control, and monitor the use of AI, taking the required measures to mitigate its negative impacts—especially in sensitive fields related to religion and Fatwa (legal rulings), where this issue must be given special attention.

 

​Artificial Intelligence and Shari’a Fatwa

 

​Scholars and researchers in jurisprudence academies and scientific conferences have reached a consensus that AI can serve as a supportive tool for gathering, analyzing, and classifying Shari’a information, as well as facilitating access to it. However, it is impermissible to rely on it independently to derive Shari’a rulings or issue Fatwas.

​Fatwa issuance requires the direct presence of a qualified jurist (faqih), as rulings vary based on the seeker’s circumstances, time, place, customs, and socio-economic conditions. These nuanced human considerations cannot be independently comprehended by AI. Furthermore, a prerequisite for a Mufti in Islamic Shari’a is to be a legally accountable person (mukallaf), a condition that cannot be fulfilled by technical systems.

​Consequently, the role of AI in the field of Ifta (issuing rulings) remains supportive rather than substitutive, in application of the verse: "So ask the people of the message if you do not know" (Surah An-Nahl: 43). Trustworthy scholars remain the ultimate reference in issuing rulings and bearing Shari’a responsibility.

 

​Areas of Practical Application for AI

 

​Practical experience, including that of the Fatwa Center under the Muslim Board of Uzbekistan, has proven that AI can be employed in several fields, most notably:

• ​Analyzing and Classifying Inquiries: Categorizing incoming Shari’a questions by topic and region and identifying the most frequent ones.

• ​Speech-to-Text Conversion: Transforming audio questions and answers into written text and storing them in organized databases.

• ​Supporting Fatwa Experts: Suggesting previously archived answers to experts, which are only sent to the inquirer after review and approval by specialists.

• ​Enhancing Community Security: Through smart, digital, and safe city projects.

• ​Combating Corruption: By reducing human intervention in administrative procedures.

• ​Operating in Hazardous Environments: Utilizing smart technologies in environments that are dangerous or harmful to human health.

• ​Dawah and Education: Facilitating access to Islamic knowledge, lessons, and sermons, and developing educational content that serves the Muslim Ummah.

• ​Humanity at the Center of Technical Evolution

​Specialists emphasize that humans must remain at the heart of the AI development process, and that these technologies must be managed based on a solid ethical and value-based foundation. Technology is not an end in itself, but a means to serve humanity and facilitate its affairs; it should not become a substitute for man or a tool that controls his destiny.

​In this framework, the real challenge lies in reconciling AI with religious requirements, legal standards, and national values, ensuring the achievement of cognitive and technical development without compromising Shari’a and human responsibility.

​In conclusion, AI, if used with wisdom and clear regulations, can be a great aid to humanity across various fields. Religious and scientific institutions in the Islamic world—including the Muslim Board of Uzbekistan—affirm their permanent readiness to actively participate in employing these modern technologies to spread Islamic knowledge, foster dialogue between religion and science, and contribute to finding solutions for contemporary global challenges. 

The ultimate goal remains to harness the blessings of science and technology for the betterment of humanity, in a manner that pleases Allah the Almighty and reinforces the moral values that are the foundation of stability and progress.

Sheikh Nuriddin Khaliqnazar

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Cultural Significance and Centuries-Old Traditions of the Uzbek Mahalla discussed at UNESCO

14.08.2026   64591   4 min.
Cultural Significance and Centuries-Old Traditions of the Uzbek Mahalla discussed at UNESCO

Facilitated by the Permanent Delegation of Uzbekistan to UNESCO, an online meeting was held between representatives of Uzbekistan and the Secretariat of the 2003 UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, dedicated to the cultural traditions and practices associated with the mahalla, as well as prospects for their promotion at the international level, reports Dunyo IA.

UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage was adopted in 2003 and aims to safeguard living cultural traditions, customs, knowledge, skills and forms of cultural expression transmitted from generation to generation by communities. Operating within the framework of the Convention are the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding and Register of Good Safeguarding Practices.

On behalf of UNESCO, the consultation was attended by Fumiko Ohinata, Secretary of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and Nicholas Tan, Associate Programme Specialist responsible for the Asia and the Pacific region. Uzbek side was represented by officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Mahalla Association of Uzbekistan, the National Commission for UNESCO and Permanent Delegation of the country to UNESCO.

During the meeting, the Uzbek side presented the centuries-old history of the mahalla, its special role in the life of society and its significance in preserving national traditions. It was emphasized that the mahalla is an integral part of the lifestyle of the people of Uzbekistan, uniting individuals on the basis of the principles of good neighbourliness, mutual assistance, solidarity and respect for the older generation.

Particular attention was paid to the cultural dimension of the mahalla. For centuries, it has served as a space where traditions are preserved directly in people's daily lives: holidays and important family events are celebrated collectively, customs of mutual assistance are maintained, intergenerational relations are strengthened and knowledge, values and life experience are transmitted to the youth.

Representatives of the UNESCO Secretariat reviewed the presented materials with great interest and noted the distinct nature of the social lifestyle centered around the mahalla in Uzbekistan. During the conversation, the significance of the traditions of community life, cultural interaction and the intergenerational transmission of heritage was emphasized as vital components of living intangible cultural heritage.

UNESCO experts also noted that the value of such traditions lies in their constant presence in people's lives. Cultural heritage within the mahalla is not limited to the preservation of individual customs but continues to manifest itself in daily interaction, relations between neighbours, collective events, and the participation of different generations in the life of the community.

During the exchange of views, it was noted that the experience of the mahalla reflects the way of organizing community life characteristic of Uzbekistan, where cultural values are preserved by the people themselves, further developed, and transmitted to subsequent generations. UNESCO representatives emphasized that such forms of interaction within local communities could be of significant interest in the context of the “living heritage” concept that underpins the 2003 Convention.

The role of Uzbekistan in promoting intangible cultural heritage and its contribution to enhancing international awareness of the diversity of living cultural traditions were separately highlighted. In this regard, the presented experience of the Uzbek mahalla generated significant interest among the Secretariat specialists.

Consultation held marked another step in developing cooperation between Uzbekistan and UNESCO on the preservation and international promotion of the country’s rich intangible cultural heritage, including the unique traditions and values formed within the institution of the mahalla.

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